General government gross debt across European countries.
General government gross debt (% of GDP) (2023): highest in Greece at 164.3%, lowest in Estonia at 20.2%, across 27 European countries.
| Country | General government gross debt (% of GDP) |
|---|---|
| Greece | 164.3% |
| Italy | 133.9% |
| France | 109.5% |
| Spain | 105.2% |
| Belgium | 102.5% |
| Portugal | 96.9% |
| Austria | 77.8% |
| Finland | 77.0% |
| Hungary | 73.3% |
| Cyprus | 71.1% |
| Slovenia | 68.3% |
| Germany | 62.3% |
| Croatia | 60.9% |
| Slovakia | 55.8% |
| Poland | 49.5% |
| Romania | 49.3% |
| Malta | 46.9% |
| Netherlands | 45.8% |
| Latvia | 44.4% |
| Czechia | 42.2% |
| Ireland | 41.8% |
| Lithuania | 37.1% |
| Denmark | 33.0% |
| Sweden | 32.2% |
| Luxembourg | 24.7% |
| Bulgaria | 22.9% |
| Estonia | 20.2% |
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Data is sourced from official European statistics offices via the Nordic Data API and refreshed automatically. Reference periods are shown with each table — figures are always the latest complete period published, never estimates.